Conversion Charts

Easy Conversions
Common Kitchen Equivalents
Oven Temperatures
Some Formulas
Capacity of Round Pans
Linear Measure Equivalents
Square Measure Equivalents
Cubic Measure Equivalents
Liquid or Fluid Measure Equivalents
Metric Equivalents for Liquid or Fluid Measure
Weight Equivalents
Paper Equivalents
Weight of Water Equivalents
Mesh Measure Equivalents
Metric Equivalent Units

Measuring Cups, Spoons, Scales
~ o ~

Easy Conversions
Multiply		By		To Get
Millimeters	x	0.0394	=	Inches
Centimeters	x	0.3937	=	Inches
Inches	x	25.4	=	Millimeters
Inches	x	2.54	=	Centimeters
Feet	x	30.48	=	Centimeters
Meters	x	3.281	=	Feet
Square Inches	x	6.45	=	Square Centimeters
Square Centimeters	x	155	=	Square Inches
Square Meters	x	10.76	=	Square Feet
Cubic Centimeters	x	.0610	=	Cubic Inches
Cubic Centimeters	x	0.0011	=	Quarts
Cubic Feet	x	1728	=	Cubic Inches
Cubic Feet	x	28.32	=	Liters
Cubic Inches	x	0.004329	=	Gallons
Drams	x	.0625	=	Ounces
Drams	x	1.7718	=	Grams
Liters	x	0.2642	=	U.S. Gallons
Fluid Ounces	x	29.57	=	Milliliters
Fluid Ounces	x	.02957	=	Liters
Milliliters	x	0.03382	=	Fluid Ounces
Gallons of Water	x	8.35	=	Pounds of Water
Pounds of Water	x	27.65	=	Cubic Inches
Gallons	x	231	=	Cubic Inches
Grams	x	0.0353	=	Ounces
Ounces	x	28.35	=	Grams
Pounds	x	.45359	=	Kilograms
Kilograms	x	2.2046	=	Pounds
Grams	x	15.43	=	Grains
Watts	x	0.001341	=	Horsepower
Amps	x	Volts	=	Watts
Atmospheres	x	14.7	=	Lbs per square inch
Horsepower	x	.7457	=	Kilowatts
British Thermal Units	x	3.927 x 10-4	=	Horsepower-hours
British Thermal Units	x	2.928 x 10-4	=	Kilowatt-hours
To get the value in the Left column, divide the Right column by the Middle column.

— Top —

Common Kitchen Equivalents
Standard	Equivalent	Equivalent
One pinch or dash	1/16 teaspoon
1 teaspoon	5 ml	1/6 ounce
1 tablespoon	3 teaspoons	1/2 ounce
1/4 cup	4 tablespoons	2 ounces
1/3 cup	5 tablespoon + 1 teaspoon	3 ounces
1/2 cup	8 tablespoons	4 ounces
1 gill	1/2 cup	4 ounces
1 cup	16 tablespoons	8 ounces
1 pint	2 cups	16 ounces
1 quart	4 cups	32 ounces
1 quart	2 pints	32 ounces
1 gallon	4 quarts	128 ounces
1 peck	8 quarts
1 bushel	4 pecks
1 pound dry measure	16 ounces
tsp = teaspoon t = tablespoon oz = ounce c = cup pt = pint qt = quart bu = bushel lb = pound

— Top —

Oven Temperatures
225°F	110°C	Gas Mark 1/4	Very slow / Very cool
250	120	Gas Mark 1/2	Very slow / Very cool
275	140	Gas Mark 1	Slow / Cool
300	150	Gas Mark 2	Slow / Cool
325	160	Gas Mark 3	Warm / Very Moderate
350	180	Gas Mark 4	Moderate
375	190	Gas Mark 5	Moderately hot / Fairly hot
400	200	Gas Mark 6	Moderately hot / Fairly hot
425	220	Gas Mark 7	Hot
450	230	Gas Mark 8	Very hot
475	240	Gas Mark 9	Very hot
– Temperature equivalents are not exact – only a guide. Consult your oven’s manual for its particular settings. – Settings for convection ovens should be about 50°F (c. 25°C) less than the above. – Remember to use an oven thermometer to check the actual temperature of your oven, as they do occasionally need to be re-calibrated.

— Top —

Some Formulas
Area of Square	Side Squared
Area of Circle	3.1415927 x Radius Square
Area of Sphere	4 x 3.1415927 x Radius Squared
Area of Parallelogram	Base x Height
Circumference of Circle	2 x 3.1415927 x Radius
Volume of Rectangular Box	Length x Width x Height
Volume of Cone	1/3 x 3.1415927 x Radius Squared x Height
Volume of Cylinder	3.1415927 x Radius Squared x Height
Volume of Sphere	4 x 3.1415927 x Radius Cubed ÷ 3
Volume of Cube	Side Cubed
a = area c = circumference v = volume sq = square cu = cubic r = radius d = diameter l = length w = width h = height s = side Pi = 3.1415927 (approx)

— Top —

How to figure out the capacity of a round (cylindrical) container

Learn ahead of cooking or baking… …How much batter to put in a cake pan, or …How much liquid a non-marked sauce pan will hold, for example. The formula is intended for straight-sided pans, however you can also get a good approximation of capacity from many other pans as well.First take these measurements:For the Radius: Measure across the inside of the pan, and divide by two. (Multiply this figure by itself to get the Radius Squared for the formula.) For the Height: Measure from the inside bottom up to the fill line. (Measure up to the lip of the pan if you’re filling it to the brim.)3-part formula:(1) Pi x r² x h = volume (in cubic inches) (2) volume / 231 = percentage of gallon (3) percentage of gallon x 128 = capacity (in ounces)Therefore, using your calculator:(1) 3.1415927 times Radius Squared times Height = Volume (2) Volume divided by 231 = Percentage of 1 Gallon (3) Percentage of 1 Gallon times 128 = Capacity in Liquid OuncesReference:Pi = 3.1415927 231 = Cubic Inches in a Gallon of Liquid 128 = Ounces in a gallonr = Radius = one half the Diameter r² = Radius Squared = Radius x Radius h = Height x = times / = divided by

— Top —

Linear Measure Equivalents
1 micron	0.001 mm
1 in	2.54 cm
1 hand	4 in	1/3 ft
1 span	9 in
1 ft	12 in	30.48 cm	0.3 m
1 yd	3 ft
1 m	3.28 ft	39.37 in
1 fathom	6 ft
1 rod, pole or perch	16.5 ft	5.5 yd
1 furlong	660 ft	220 yd	40 poles
1 km	0.62 mi
1 mi	5,280 ft	1,760 yd	8 furlongs
1 mi	320 rods	1.61 km
1 league	3 mi
in = inch ft = foot yd = yard mi = mile cm = centimeter m = meter km = kilometer

— Top —

Square Measure Equivalents
144	square inches	1 square foot
9	square feet	1 square yard
30.25	square yards	1 square rod
160	square rods	1 acre
640	acres	1 square mile

— Top —

Cubic Measure Equivalents
1728	cubic inches	1 cubic foot
27	cubic feet	1 cubic yard

— Top —

Liquid (Fluid) Measure Equivalents
0.125 oz	1 fl dram	60 minims
1 oz	8 fl drams
4 oz	1 gill
8 oz	1 c
16 oz	2 c	1 pt
32 oz	4 c	2 pt	1 qt
33.8 oz	4.23 c	2.1134 pt	1.0567 qt	0.264 gal	1 l
128 oz	16 c	8 pt	4 qt	1 gal	3.7853 l
4032 oz	1 bbl	3.94 pt	7.875 qt	31.5 gal
8064 oz	1 hhd	7.875 pt	15.75 qt	63 gal
fl = fluid oz = ounce c = cup pt = pint qt = quart gal = gallon bbl = barrel hhd = hogshead l = liter

— Top —

Metric Equivalents, Liquid or Fluid Measure
	Or	Dry	Liquid
1 centiliter		0.6102 cubic inches	0.338 ounces
1 deciliter	10 centiliters	6.102 cubic inches	.0845 gill
1 liter	10 deciliters	0.908 quart	1.0567 quarts
1 decaliter	10 liters	9.08 quarts	2.64 gallons
cl = centiliter dl = deciliter l = liter dal = decaliter cu in = cubic inch oz = ounce qt = quart gal = gallon

— Top —

Weight Equivalents
Avoirdupois
16 drams	437.5 grains	1 ounce	28.35 grams
16 ounces	7000 grains	1 pound	453.59 grams
1 pound	0.45 kilograms
1 kilogram	2.2 pounds
100 pounds	1 central	1 hundredweight
2000 pounds	1 short ton
2204.6 pounds	1 metric ton	1000 kilograms
2240 pounds	1 long ton or gross ton
Also (in Great Britain)
14 pounds	1 stone
2 stones	1 quarter
4 quarters	112 pounds	1 hundredweight
20 hundredweight	1 long ton
Troy (Precious Metals)
24 grains	1 pennyweight
20 pennyweights	480 grains	1 ounce
12 ounces	5760 grains	1 pound
Apothecaries’ Weight
20 grains	1scruple
3 scruples	1 dram
8 drams	1 ounce
12 ounces	5760 grains	1 pound

— Top —

Paper
24 sheets	1 quire
20 quires	1 short ream	480 sheets
500 sheets	1 ream
10 reams	1 bale

— Top —

Weight of Water
1 cubic inch	.0360 pound
1 cubic foot	62.3 pounds
1 cubic foot	7.48052 U.S. gallons
1 Imperial gallon	10.0 pounds
1 U.S. gallon	8.33 pounds

— Top —

Mesh Equivalents
U.S. MESH	INCHES	MICRONS	MILLIMETERS
3	0.2650	6730	6.730
4	0.1870	4760	4.760
5	0.1570	4000	4.000
6	0.1320	3360	3.360
7	0.1110	2830	2.830
8	0.0937	2380	2.380
10	0.0787	2000	2.000
12	0.0661	1680	1.680
14	0.0555	1410	1.410
16	0.0469	1190	1.190
18	0.0394	1000	1.000
20	0.0331	841	0.841
25	0.0280	707	0.707
30	0.0232	595	0.595
35	0.0197	500	0.500
40	0.0165	400	0.400
45	0.0138	354	0.354
50	0.0117	297	0.297
60	0.0098	250	0.250
70	0.0083	210	0.210
80	0.0070	177	0.177
100	0.0059	149	0.149
120	0.0049	125	0.125
140	0.0041	105	0.105
170	0.0035	88	0.088
200	0.0029	74	0.074
230	0.0024	63	0.063
270	0.0021	53	0.053
325	0.0017	44	0.044
400	0.0015	37	0.037
625	0.0008	20	0.020
1250	0.0004	10	0.010
2500	0.0002	5	0.005

— Top —

Metric Linear Measure
1 centimeter	10 millimeters
1 decimeter	10 centimeters	100 millimeters
1 meter	10 decimeters	100 centimeters	1000 millimeters
1 decameter	10 meters	100 decimeters	1000 centimeters
1 hectometer	10 decameters	100 meters	1000 decimeters
1 kilometer	10 hectometers	100 decameters	1000 meters
mm = millimeter cm = centimeter dm = decimeter m = meter km = kilometer

— Top —

Metric Square Measure
1 sq. cm.	100 sq. mm.
1 sq. dm.	100 sq. cm.	10,000 sq. mm.
1 sq. m.	100 sq. dm.	10,000 sq. cm.	1,000,000 sq. mm.

— Top —

Metric Cubic Measure
1 cu. cm.	1,000 cu. mm.
1 cu. dm.	1,000 cu. cm.
1 cu. m.	1,000 cu. dm.

— Top —

Metric Liquid Measure
1 centiliter	10 milliliters
1 deciliter	10 centiliters
1 liter	10 deciliters
1 decaliter	10 liters
1 hectoliter	10 decaliters
1 kiloliter	10 hectoliters

— Top —

Metric Weights
1 centigram	10 milligrams
1 decigram	10 centigrams	100 milligrams
1 gram	10 decigrams	100 centigrams	1000 milligrams
1 decagram	10 grams
1 hectogram	10 decagrams	100 grams
1 kilogram	10 hectograms	100 decagrams	1000 grams
1 quintal	100 kilograms
1 ton	10 quintals	1000 kilograms
mg = milligram cg = centigram dg = decigram g = gram kg = kilogram

— Top —